Boulton's Soho Works
  Matthew Boulton and James Watt's Soho Manufactory in Handsworth. It was built by Boulton in 1762 and demolished in the 1860s  

Synchronopsis

At the risk of reducing Birmingham's complex past into a list of keywords, the following are the most significant landmarks in recent history.

For further dates of industries, population and churches etc. please see the relevant pages.

This list is only a start and is being added to regularly. Eventually, I will be expanding the descriptions of many of the currently sparsely commentated events. I hope that for the present it will at least serve as a useful reference.

I see that Birmingham Library has now put up a similar page on Handsworth history.


YearEvent
1548Hammer mill built at Handsworth
1591First furnace for melting and casting iron built at Hol Brook, Perry Barr
1615Second furnace for melting and casting iron built at Hockley Brook, Aston
1635Building of Aston Hall completed
1643Government troops plunder Birmingham in the Civil War
1683202 forges in the town
1690Original church of St Martin modernized
1726First Turnpike Act, subsequent revenue enables roads to be improved
1728Matthew Boulton born
ca.1742Aris's Gazette established, Birmingham's first newspaper
1762Boulton's Soho Works completed
1765Taylor's and Lloyd's bank opened at Dale End
1765Lunar Circle formed (renamed 1775 Lunar Society)
1768Birmingham Canal Act leads to Birmingham linking with Bristol and Liverpool via Stourbridge
1769Street Commission established
1772Papier mâché patented by Henry Clay
1773Assay Office opened
1774Watt and Boulton form their partnership
1775John Taylor dies
1779General Hospital opens with about 100 beds
1779St Philip's consecrated
1779Birmingham Library formed by 19 subscribers
1781William Hutton's (b. Derby 1723) History of Birmingham first published
1781Birmingham Metal Company set up by brass makers
1783Birmingham Commercial Committee formed
1783Control of Birmingham's poor law transferred from the parish to the Board of Guardians
1786Development of the Calthorpe Estate begins
1790Birmingham Mining and Copper Company formed
1791Priestley Riots
1792Dispensary founded in Temple Row
1794Drought and subsequent poor harvest
1796Boulton & Watt build a new foundry at Soho
1800Riots at protest against potato and bread prices
1800Philosophical Institution formed (Cannon Street building opened in 1814)
1809Matthew Boulton dies
1811John Bright born in Rochdale
1812Attwood's campaign against the government's Orders in Council
1812Deaf and Dumb Asylum opened
1813Gun Proof House opened
1813Erdington National School, High Street Erdington, opened
1814Academy of Arts formed
1816The radical working-class Hampden Club founded by George Edmonds
1817John Gosling erects the first gasworks and lays pipes through Birmingham
1820Theatre Royal rebuilt in New Street with seating for 2,500 people
1823Fever Hospital opened
1823Eye Hospital opened at Cannon Street. In 1883 it moves to Temple Row
1824Cadbury's Chocolate Factory established
1825Birmingham and Staffordshire Gas Light Company opens in West Bromwich
1825Radical Birmingham Journal founded
1826Birmingham Waterworks Company established by Act of Parliament
1826Birmingham Mechanics' Institute founded but closed due to debt in 1842
1830Birmingham Temperance Society formed
1831Church rate abolished by radicals
1832Birmingham becomes a parliamentary borough with 2 MPs
1832Botanical gardens opened
1833Owen's altruistic Equitable Labour Exchange opened for the relief of poverty
1834Athenic Institute opened for public sports
1835Market Hall opened
1835Municipal Corporation Act passed. This led to Birmingham receiving a charter in 1838
1836Birmingham Church Building Society founded
1837Elkington's electroplating works opened in Newhall Street
1837Victoria acceeds to the throne
1837Birmingham to Liverpool (-Manchester) railway line opened
1838Birmingham receives a charter of incorporation making it a municipal borough
1838Edgbaston, Bordesley (incl. Duddeston and Nechells) incorporated into Birmingham
1838Birmingham (Curzon Street) to London railway line opened
1838New King Edward Grammar School opened in New Street (founded 1552 by Edward VI)
1839Anti-Corn Law League founded in Manchester
1841Birmingham & Edgbaston Proprietary School opened at Hagley Road, Five Ways
1842Birmingham to Derby railway line opened
1843All Saints School opened
1843Hebrew National School established in Hurst Street
1843Polytechnic Institution founded but closed due to debt in 1848
1845The Chartist John Mason institutes the Central Committee of Trades to coordinate strike activity
1848Public Health Act leads to an investigation of health conditions
1849Cholera epidemic
1850Birmingham Free Industrial School opened in Gem Street
1851Improvement Act leads to the municipal corporation taking over sole responsibility for public amenities
1851St Martin's Market opened in Jamaica Row
1851General Institution for the Blind opened
185135.5% of Birmingham children 5–15 attend day school
1851New Theatre opened in Moor Street but closed again in 1856
1852Workhouse opened in Winson Green
1852Midland Institute formed
1853Tonks' Colosseum opened at Bingley Hall
1854Aston Railway Station opened
1854New Street Station opened
1855Birmingham & Midland Institute opened to provide a wide range of education, mainly industrial
1856Adderley Park (10 acres) opened to the public
1856Royal Musical Hall Operetta House opened (orig. as "Music Hall")
1857Calthorpe Park (31 acres) opened to the public
1857John Bright returned unopposed as MP for Birmingham
1857John Frederick Feeney starts the Birmingham Daily Post (late Birmingham Post)
1858Aston Park (50 acres) opened by Queen Victoria to the public
1858Reformers' Union formed (first meeting held at the Town Hall)
1860Woodcock Street baths opened
1861Charles Edge completes the building of Birmingham Town Hall
1861BSA builds the Small Heath factory
1861First Free Public Library opened on Constitution Hill with 6,500 volumes
18622,000 children under 10 years in employment
1862Sutton Coldfield railway station opened
1862Northwood Street baths opened
1862Handsworth Grammar School opened as The Bridge Trust School
1865Birmingham Athletic Club formed
1865Birmingham Museum & Art Gallery opened. In 1878 it moves to Aston Hall
1865Exchange opened in a building by Edward Holmes at Stephenson Place/New Street
1866Birmingham Trades Council formed at the Tamworth Arms in Moor Street
1867Factory Act regulates working hours
1867Birmingham Education Society and National Education League formed
1868Josiah Mason's Erdington Orphanage School opened
1869Amendment to the Reform Act on 1867 enfranchises all householders to vote in municipal elections
1869Wholesale fishmarket opened corner of High Street and Bell Street
1870Forster's Education Act
1870Birmingham Daily Mail founded by John Feeney and John Jaffray
1873First tramline opened from Colmore Row to Hockley by Birmingham and District Tramway Company
1873Cannon Hill Park (57 acres) donated by Louisa Anne Ryland
1874Aston Villa Football Club formed
1874Harborne railway station opened
1875Artisans' Dwellings Act leads to the demolition of the worst slums
1875Public Health Act
1875Gas Committee formed with Chamberlain as Chairman
1876Tame and Rea District Drainage Board established to improve drainage
1876King's Norton railway station opened
1876Highgate Park (8 acres) opened
1876Summerfield Park (12 acres) opened
1877Burbury Street Recreation Ground (4 acres) opened
18783 year work starts on the building of Corporation Street through the worst slums
1879Yeoville Thomason's Council House opened in Colmore Row
1879Small Heath Park (41 acres) opened
1880Mason College opened - later becomes Birmingham University
1880Handsworth College opens
1884Saltley filtration plant reconstructed
1884Vegetable Market opened in Smithfield
1885Jaffray Hospital, Wood End Lane, Erdington, opened
1885Art Gallery opened
1888John Bright dies
1889Queen Victoria declares Birmingham a city
1889Victoria Law Courts opened in Corporation Street
1890General Post Office built at Victoria Square
1891Ear, Nose and Throat Hospital opened in Edmund Street
1891Harborne, Balsall Heath, Saltley and Little Bromwich brought into the city
1896Handsworth Wood railway station opened. It closed again in 1941
1901Queen Victoria dies
1907Grove Lane Baths, Handsworth, opened
1909Quinton incorporated into Birmingham
1911Handsworth, Aston, Erdington, King's Norton, Northfield and Yardley incorporated into Birmingham
1928Perry Barr incorporated into Birmingham
1931Castle Bromwich (west), Lyndon, Minworth (west) and North Sheldon incorporated into Birmingham
1964Bull Ring shopping centre opened by Prince Philip
1974Birmingham becomes part of the newly formed county of West Midlands

Disclaimer: we are not responsible for the content of externally linked pages.


Birmingham

Copyright © 1999–2005 Andrew Spencer
All rights reserved